Innovation grants involve a high degree of risk, innovation, and novelty with some promise for improving vaccine development. Although there is no requirement for preliminary data, strong scientific rationale is advisable.
Awarded projects will first be tested in milestone-driven exploratory/feasibility "proof of concept" studies (R21 phase); and then, if eligible, will be reviewed for the expanded development (R33 phase) award without the need to submit an additional grant application. The phased R21/R33 mechanism offers the potentially successful investigator the opportunity to devote full attention to the research project without the burden of additional grant writing for continued support, and will permit promising research to continue with no lapse in funding.